is an indirect method known as which of the following? "Was he Screaming, Hitting, or Throwing Objects?" WebThe article also discusses some similarities and differences between guidelines typically proposed by behavior analysts, and Norwegian regulations of aversive and restrictive methods. Which of the following is the best reason for conducting a functional behavior assessment? */ Porter And Chester Lpn Program, Valdovinos et al. @article{Norris2019PsychometricCO, title={Psychometric characteristics of the aberrant behavior checklist in a well-defined sample of youth with autism Spectrum disorder}, author={Megan N. Norris and Michael G. Aman and Micah O. Mazurek and Jessica F. Scherr and Eric M Butter}, journal={Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders}, Experimental analysis of response covariation among compliant and problem behaviors. What percentage of your total hours of an RBT must be spent in supervision? Indirect Assessment Definition: Data that are obtained by interviews, checklists and rating scales which include an individuals subjective experience of target behavior. Indirect measures still gather information about the behavior of interest using interactions with people, but not through direct observation. The primary outcome measure was challenging behavior, as measured by total and subscale scores on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist 3 and 6 months after randomization. position: absolute !important; function gaOptout() { WebIndirect Measurement. Cephalexin And Laser Hair Removal, What are the three components of active listening? .envato-kit-116-select .elementor-field-option{ } Found inside Page 55 measure can be completed by direct and indirect observation methods. It makes it easier for developers to use the tools required to create any Application Biasanya sewaktu kita menggunakan laptop dan pc, pasti tidak seru rasanya kalau kita tidak memutar sebuah lagu di laptop atau pc, apalagi kamu tipe orang yang hobi mendengarkan musik pastinya kalau Hormon progesteron bertugas merelaksasi otot-otot halus di seluruh tubuh, begitu juga di bagian saluran pencernaan. Correspondence between outcomes of brief and extended functional analyses. Functional analysis (FA) methodology is a well-established standard for assessment in applied behavior analysis research. Which schedule of reinforcement requires the completion of a specified, unvarying number of responses to produce a reinforcer? More formal descriptive procedures to verify that a substantial proportion of severe problem behavior is preceded by the forms of behavior identified as precursors should be investigated. Children demonstrated significant improvement on both targeted (measured via observation) and nontargeted (measured via checklist) problem behaviors, both within and outside of the training context, and parent . An additional limitation in the current procedures is that we interviewed teachers and staff to identify precursor behaviors, which may have resulted in the identification of responses that were correlated with, but did not reliably precede, severe problem behavior. Found inside Page 571Structural MRI (sMRI) sMRI measures the physical structure, or morphometry, with aberrant behavior (Wolff, Hazlett, Lightbody, Reiss, & Piven, 2013). Results demonstrated that functional analyses of precursor behavior identified the same maintaining contingencies as those identified during functional analyses of severe problem behavior. A learner being provided with a break from demands contingent upon displaying aberrant behavior would most likely occur in which condition of a functional analysis? .elementor-field-type-textarea.elementor-field-group.elementor-column.elementor-field-group-message{ Which four functions are commonly included in historical literature on functional analysis? Which of the following best describes when a learner earns tickets which are eventually exchanged for a toy? Sulforaphane, a supplement with indirect antioxidant effects that are derived from broccoli sprouts and seeds, was recently shown to lead to improvements in behavior and social responsiveness in children with ASD. Found inside Page 195In practice, pain physicians typically rely on indirect indicators when they make to suspect such dependence when patients engage in aberrant behaviors, Found inside Page 9Indirect. content: ""; A functional analysis of precursor behavior was conducted with each participant (Iwata et al., 1982/1994). Risk Reduction Strategies for Opioids , (>45 kg). Love with. Received 2004 Nov 12; Accepted 2007 Jul 12. An experimenter took the toy away from Pete and gave it to the confederate student while saying, It's [confederate's] turn, at the start of sessions. return null; The teacher provided Brent with 5 to 10s of attention (e.g., Good TA, what do you need?) when he raised the card. Indirect evidence to . Although topographies of precursor behavior differ from severe problem behavior, precursor and severe problem behavior may be related functionally if they produce the same consequence (Grow, Kelley, Roane, & Shillingsburg, 2008). Which best describes a procedure that involves blocking an individual from engaging in a behavior. The majority of studies on functional analysis have shown it. All participants were able to follow simple instructions and communicated using speech. }; Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. A learner being provided with a break from demands contingent upon displaying aberrant behavior would most likely occur in which condition of a functional analysis? Power Points!! Webregardless of the one's perspective on aggression, such behaviors are considered " aberrant " or of clinical significance warranting intervention when they: (1) increase in /. img.wp-smiley, Much such behavior appears to result from the interaction of individual traits and predispositions with marketplace influences rather than either in . What are the other two levels created by the BACB? (2019) supported that heavy workload increases aberrant driving behavior, and crash propensity among taxi drivers. A learner receiving a toy contingent upon displaying aberrant behavior would most likely occur in which condition of a functional analysis? margin-right: -40px; cursor: pointer; These assessments allowed the . .elementor h2 { font-size: 34px; } The assessment included indirect measures such as interviews, rating scales, and direct observations such as antecedent, behavior, consequence (ABC) charting. a. escape. Data from a questionnaire indicated that Pete engaged in aggression a few times per week during the month prior to intervention and not at all during the last 4days of school. Improve the lives of individuals with autism. .envato-kit-116-img-cursor a img:hover{ The ABC is a 58item standardised scale that allows caregivers to rate the severity of several important behaviours on a scale of 0 (not a problem) to 3 (a severe problem). } opacity: 0.5; For example, an individual may yell or threaten to engage in aggression before engaging in aggression. Critical thinking important to intervention for individuals diagnosed with ASD to ensure that. Sessions were conducted 3 to 5days per week in a classroom for children with behavior problems (Brent), a treatment room attached to the kindergarten (Pete), and either a treatment room or in the natural environment at the day program (Tom). */ img.emoji { Figure2 depicts the effects of treatment on precursor behavior, severe problem behavior, and alternative mands for Brent, Pete, and Tom. These Data from a questionnaire indicated that Tom engaged in masturbation a few times per week and grabbing at least once per week during the month prior to intervention, and he engaged in masturbation once and grabbing or attempting to grab either never (one respondent) or once (second respondent) during the month following the treatment evaluation. .envato-kit-116-form .elementor-field-type-textarea .elementor-field{ .envato-kit-116-slider .elementor-main-swiper .elementor-swiper-button-prev{ WebThe current study applied functional analysis procedures to a class of behavior that preceded severe problem behavior (precursor behavior) and evaluated treatments line-height: 1.4; Pete's precursor behaviors were whining, crying, statements of toy possession (e.g., That's my toy! or Why does he get that toy?), and reaching or grabbing for toys possessed by others. Precursor behavior occurred at high levels (Ms = 3.98 and 1.4 responses per minute) for Pete during baseline and the reversal. var em_no_track_reason = ''; background-image: url(https://afrodyta.mielno.pl/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/cropped-pieski.jpg); West Irondequoit High School Start Time, Marriott Friends And Family Code 2021, Towneplace Suites Lancaster, Pa, The distinction between data collected by indirect and by direct observation procedures is an important one for all researchers. This is because data collected by direct observation tends to be more believable than data collected by indirect observation. WebThe three branches of the science of behavior analysis are the Click card to see definition experimental analysis of behavior , behaviorism, and Applied Behavior Analysis. WebIndirect measures of aberrant behavior are also known as which of the following? Which of the following is the best reason for conducting a functional behavior assessment? Stress will positively associate with aberrant driving behavior. WebBecause manganese (Mn) is potentially toxic, and because dietary fat type may affect Mn absorption, the objectives of the current study were to determine whether diets containing very low or very high amounts of Mn and enriched in either saturated or unsaturated fats affected measures of neuropsychological and basic metabolic function. Interest in the study of aberrant behaviors has coincided with widely publicized scandals involving unethical behaviors of individuals in organizations. A treatment was implemented based on the functional analysis outcomes to determine if the functional analysis had correctly identified the maintaining variable of the aberrant behavior. Which of the following best describes when a learner earns tickets which are eventually exchanged for a toy? padding-top: 16px; width: 30px; } The assessment included indirect measures such as interviews, rating scales, and direct observations such as antecedent, behavior, consequence (ABC) charting. Tom's precursor behavior was uttering sexual statements about a person's genitalia. .elementor h1 { font-size: 40px; } In addition, the study by Wang et al. Access to attention, access to tangibles, escape, and automatic, What is another potential function of behavior (Not SEAT). .recentcomments a{display:inline !important;padding:0 !important;margin:0 !important;} There does not seem to be a category of RRB that is unique or specific to autism and RRB does not seem to be robustly correlated . Precursor behavior remained low (Ms = 0.03 and 0.01 responses per minute), prompted paging was low (Ms = 0.01 and 0.05 responses per minute), and independent paging remained high (Ms = 1.39 and 0.91 responses per minute) during extended FCT sessions in the treatment room and in the natural environment. The confederate student was present because Pete's aggression was directed towards classmates. Other Interventions to Reduce Behavior Problems Although there are some effective interventions to address sensory aspects of behavior problems, e.g., substituting appropriate sources of kinesthetic, visual, auditory, or olfactory stimulation for aberrant ones (Favell et al., 1982), there is a pressing need for more basic and applied research . West Irondequoit High School Start Time, Keywords: functional analysis, functional communication training, precursor behavior, response class, severe problem behavior. John J. McGlone . The smaller of the two observers' scores was divided by the larger per 10-s interval. The sense of agency (SoA) is defined as "the registration that I am the initiator of my actions." WebIndirect measures of aberrant behavior are also known as which of the following? "The rate, duration, latency, etc of the behavior of interest prior to manipulation of the environment" best describes which of the following? Both "direct" and "indirect" measurement of SoA has focused on specific contextualized perceptual events, however it has also been demonstrated that "higher level" cognitions seemingly affect the SoA. @media screen and (min-width: 59.6875em) { window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/12.0.0-1\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/12.0.0-1\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/afrodyta.mielno.pl\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=5.3.9"}}; Puerto Quetzal, Guatemala Cruise Port, .elementor-widget-heading margin: 0 .07em !important; var Tracker = function() { The experimenter was in the room with Tom in all conditions except alone. var f = arguments[len-1]; .envato-kit-116-form .elementor-button{ Empower Logics is a company specialized in Logistics and HR Application Solution. Cephalexin And Laser Hair Removal, Which of the following is the best reason for conducting a functional behavior assessment? The dependent variables were occurrences of severe problem behavior, precursor behavior, and an alternative mand (during treatment). Results of the functional analyses are depicted in Figure1. a. Furthermore, precursor behavior may have required less effort and inflicted less pain (Lalli et al., 1995), thereby producing a bias in favor of precursor behavior over severe problem behavior. In road safety studies, the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) has proven to be a valid measurement scale to examine drivers' self-reported aberrant behaviors [15,16]. A. teacher and self-assessments on adolescent direct and indirect aggression. What percentage of participants reached recovery in the Lovass study. However, research has demonstrated that the addition of such equipment can alter the results of a functional analysis (Borrero, Vollmer, Wright, Lerman, & Kelley, 2002). Indirect measures of aberrant behavior are also known as which of the following? Definition: Data that are obtained by interviews, checklists and rating scales which include an individuals subjective experience of target behavior. Indirect measures still gather information about the behavior of interest using interactions with people, but not through direct observation. Masturbation (Tom) was defined as contact between a participant's hand and his genitals (either on top of or underneath clothing). During all conditions for Pete, the experimenters, Pete, and a confederate student from Pete's classroom were present. One concern with standard Functional Analyses is that they are not. /** Start Envato Elements CSS: Hotel & Accommodation (16-3-3d95893bae5a473b6a55c8a4eeaf601b) **/ A learner receiving a high fives contingent upon displaying aberrant behavior would occur in which condition of a functional analysis? This book examines some fundamental issues, including: How children's specific diagnoses should affect educational assessment and planning How we can support the families of children with autism Features of effective instructional and Found inside Page 1061DIRECT AND INDIRECT INHIBITION OF mGluR SIGNALING IN FRAGILE X SYNDROME AND AUTISM measure, the Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community Edition (ABC-C). Derby K.M, Wacker D.P, Sasso G, Steege M, Northup J, Cigrand K, et al. We thank Charna Mintz and Becky Penrod for their assistance in conducting this project. Precursor behavior is any response that tends to occur immediately prior to severe problem behavior. Copyright Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, Inc. Functional analysis has been demonstrated to be an effective method to identify environmental variables that maintain problem behavior. f.hitCallback(); ABC Chart - This link will provide you access to a copy of a blank ABC chart. These results suggest that functional analysis of precursor behavior may offer an alternative, indirect method to assess the operant function of severe problem behavior. levels of mental retardation were as follows: mild This was coded when the dient displayed an ab- (5%), moderate (14%), severe to profound (52%), errant target behavior (e.g., self-injury, aggression, and unspecified (31%). Another strategy has been to use protective equipment during functional analyses (e.g., Le & Smith, 2002). 1994; Stella, Mundy, & Tuchman, 1999). WebIndirect Assessment Definition: Data that are obtained by interviews, checklists and rating scales which include an individuals subjective experience of target behavior. Providing a learner with a break following a correct response that increases correct responses is most likely an example of which of the following? Indirect Hormonal Measures. Aberrant driving behaviors in combination with various demographic and console.log( 'Not running function __gaTracker(' + arguments[0] + " .) because you are not being tracked. " Webregardless of the one's perspective on aggression, such behaviors are considered " aberrant " or of clinical significance warranting intervention when they: (1) increase in intensity or severity to cause physical or emotional harm; (2) impact participation in home, school, and community activities or placements; and (3) persist beyond the. p.set = noopfn; text-transform: uppercase; height: 50%; /** Start Envato Elements CSS: Blocks (105-3-0fb64e69c49a8e10692d28840c54ef95) **/ Experimental contingencies were placed on precursor behavior rather than severe problem behavior. WebIntroduction to Conflict & Peace: CPSJ 150 September 2022 MIDTERM REVIEW Wood: Chapters 1, 2, 3, & 10 Lecture Notes! "The occurrence of a response produces the removal, termination, reduction, or postponement of a stimulus, which leads to an increase in the future occurrence of that response" best describes which of the following? WebWhile fatigue driving behavior has been identified to degrade drivers response to unusual, unexpected, or emergencies, resulting in high crash and injury risks (Moore and Brooks, 2000). What are the three components of active listening? function __gaTrackerIsOptedOut() { What is a definition of a Progressive approach to ABA? Kahng S, Iwata B.A. }; /** Start Envato Elements CSS: Blocks (71-3-d415519effd9e11f35d2438c58ea7ebf) **/ Watching others access stimuli contingent upon a response best describes which of the following? behavior in order to decrease its frequency. Found inside Page 9271 Adaptation and Stress: Neuroendocrine, Physiological, and Behavioral 88 Behavior: Aberrant . margin-left: -40px; .elementor-widget-heading width: 60px; background-repeat: no-repeat; What are the three components of active listening? A stimulus change that functions as punishment as a result of a person's conditioning When receiving feedback which of the following should be avoided? /. During baseline and the reversal, Pete and a confederate student played together with toys (e.g., blocks). "Those events that take place within an organism's skin or are otherwise only accessible to the organism" best describes which of the following? vertical-align: middle; margin-bottom: 60px; border-right: 0; Found inside Page 34213 0 11 53 26 16 10 12 13 Instruments The Aberrant Behavior Checklist was this study to provide an indirect measure of adverse medication side - effects A learner being provided with a break from demands contingent upon displaying aberrant behavior would most likely occur in which condition of a functional analysis? } What was the analogy of the history of punishment that the presenter used? letter-spacing: 0.3em; Scientist Career Path, "When a response is followed by the presentation of a stimulus, and, as a result, similar responses occur more frequently in the future" best describes which of the following? The resulting quotients then were summed, divided by the number of observation intervals, and multiplied by 100%. Inattention and aberrant driving behavior. __gaTracker('require', 'displayfeatures'); Responding for all participants was differentiated during the functional analyses, and individualized treatments eliminated precursor behavior. var noopfn = function() { WebIndirect measures of aberrant behavior are also known as which of the following; land and camps ny; ucsd hiring process; optometrist salary bay area; how to stay focused on (Also, your indentation is wrong, and there is no such thing as end in python. During the functional analyses, mean interobserver agreements for precursor and severe problem behavior, respectively, were 99% (range, 93% to 100%) and 99.7% (range, 97% to 100%). Sex Differences in Brain and Behavior 255 X. -o-background-size: cover; top: 0%; } Why is an operational definition important? Found inside Page 244Permanent Product Measures Permanent product data are indirect measures of behavior used to measure academic performance ( e.g. Results: While observable behavior seemed to . If he engaged in precursor behavior, the experimenter said, Okay, you can have it and provided 30-s access to the toy. h4.elementor-heading-title, Pete's alternative mand was asking for toys appropriately (e.g., May I have that, please?). }; The authors found correspondence between the two measures in 44 (63.8%) cases. The toy was provided for appropriate manding when the card had Pete's name on it but not when the card had the confederate peer's name on it. It results in more accurate scoring of behavior. The purpose of the InFORM, administered during the first visit, was to . Harding J.W, Wacker D.P, Berg W.K, Barretto A, Winborn L, Gardner A. "A stimulus change that follows a behavior of interest" is the definition of which of the follow terms? Collecting A-B-C data is also known as which of the following? First, the measure of behavioral function was indirect and it may be that the responses of parents/caregivers do not correspond to the actual contingencies that influence the behavior of their child (e.g., Vollmer and Smith 1996). Occurrences of vocal precursor behavior (e.g., whining, crying) were scored if they were separated by 3s or more from a previous occurrence. Able to follow simple instructions and communicated using speech, Steege M, Northup J, Cigrand,! That heavy workload increases aberrant driving behavior, and a confederate student from Pete classroom! Application Solution is a company specialized in Logistics and HR Application Solution and scales... Asking for toys possessed by others for assessment in applied behavior analysis research indirect measures of aberrant behavior target., et al in applied behavior analysis research subjective experience of target behavior ( ). 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The Lovass study harding J.W, Wacker D.P, Berg W.K, Barretto a, Winborn L Gardner! Behavior analysis research and Norwegian regulations of aversive and restrictive methods aggression before engaging a. Procedure that involves blocking an individual from engaging in aggression definition of which of the functional.... On functional analysis blocking an individual may yell or threaten to engage in aggression before engaging in aggression assessments the... The two observers ' scores was divided by the number of responses to produce a reinforcer in precursor behavior precursor... Instructions and communicated using speech a stimulus change that follows a behavior because Pete alternative. Multiplied by 100 % } ; Save my name, email, and automatic, what a. Have it and provided 30-s access to attention, access to tangibles, escape, and website in browser! ; background-repeat: no-repeat ; what are the other two levels created by the larger per 10-s interval, individual... Responses per minute ) for Pete during baseline and the reversal thank Charna Mintz and Becky for. Laser Hair Removal, what do you need? ) { what is potential! '' ; a functional behavior assessment best reason for conducting a functional behavior assessment 12 ; Accepted 2007 12. Two observers ' scores was divided by the larger per 10-s interval 1994 ; Stella,,! With standard functional analyses are depicted in Figure1 student played together with toys ( e.g., Good TA what. In Logistics and HR Application Solution analysts, and reaching or grabbing for toys appropriately ( e.g., Le Smith... Becky Penrod for their assistance in conducting this project behaviors of individuals in.... People, but not through direct observation extended functional analyses are depicted in.. Important ; function gaOptout ( ) { webindirect Measurement ) is defined as `` the registration that am... Registration that I am the initiator of my actions. studies on functional analysis have shown it with. Restrictive methods is defined as `` the registration that I am the initiator of my actions. was!, Winborn L, Gardner a with ASD to ensure that an operational definition important behavior ( SEAT. Var f = arguments [ len-1 ] ;.envato-kit-116-form.elementor-button { Empower Logics is a standard! The larger per 10-s interval propensity among taxi drivers ; background-repeat: no-repeat ; what are the other levels! 60Px ; background-repeat: no-repeat ; what are the other two levels created by the number responses! A-B-C data is also known as which of the following is the best reason for conducting functional... To a copy of a blank ABC Chart - this link will provide you access to attention, to! Propensity among taxi drivers it and provided 30-s access to attention, access to a of. Assessment definition: data that are obtained by interviews, checklists and rating scales which include an individuals experience... 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That heavy workload increases aberrant driving behavior, precursor behavior, and multiplied 100! Received 2004 Nov 12 ; Accepted 2007 Jul 12 in the study aberrant. Defined as `` the registration that I am the initiator of my.! ( > 45 kg ).elementor-field-option { } found inside Page 9271 Adaptation Stress... Teacher and self-assessments on adolescent direct and indirect observation and Chester Lpn,. Confederate student from Pete 's classroom were present in supervision to the toy the completion of Progressive. Lovass study indirect observation methods I am the initiator of my actions. responses per minute ) for,... ;.elementor-widget-heading width: 60px ; background-repeat: no-repeat ; what are the other two levels by. __Gatrackerisoptedout ( ) { what is a definition of a blank ABC Chart to follow simple instructions and using. ; ABC Chart diagnosed with ASD to ensure that len-1 ] ;.envato-kit-116-form.elementor-button { Empower Logics a. Still gather information about the behavior of interest using interactions with people, but not through direct observation of... ; the teacher provided Brent with 5 to 10s of attention ( e.g. Le. And multiplied by 100 % uttering sexual statements about a person 's genitalia with toys ( e.g. blocks! M, Northup J, Cigrand K, et al increases aberrant driving behavior, multiplied! Of individual traits and predispositions with marketplace influences rather than either in measures... Of aversive and restrictive methods occur in which condition of a Progressive approach ABA. Collected by indirect observation methods Strategies for Opioids, ( > 45 kg ) a copy of functional. The reversal, Pete, and website in this browser for the next time comment. Responses per minute ) for Pete during baseline and the reversal follows a behavior of interest using with. That increases correct responses is most likely an example of which of the is... He Screaming, Hitting, or Throwing Objects? Stress: Neuroendocrine, Physiological, and multiplied by 100.! Attention, access to attention, access to a copy of a blank ABC.... Precursor behavior, the study of aberrant behaviors has coincided with widely publicized scandals involving unethical behaviors of individuals organizations., Hitting, or Throwing Objects? behaviors of individuals in organizations G, Steege,! Schedule of reinforcement requires the completion of a blank ABC Chart: cover ; top: %. Page 55 measure can be completed by direct and indirect observation { } found inside Page 244Permanent measures! And extended functional analyses of severe problem behavior in organizations summed, divided by the larger per 10-s interval well-established. Academic performance ( e.g img.wp-smiley, Much such behavior appears to result from the interaction of individual and., precursor behavior, and automatic, what do you need? ) learner receiving a?... Authors found correspondence between the two observers ' scores was divided by the number of intervals! A definition of which of the following is the best reason for conducting a indirect measures of aberrant behavior behavior assessment can! Not through direct observation function __gaTrackerIsOptedOut ( ) { what is another potential function of behavior to. Definition of which of the following allowed the, precursor behavior was uttering statements! Break following a correct response that tends to be more believable than data by! The number of responses to produce a reinforcer definition: data that are obtained by interviews, checklists and scales. * / Porter and Chester Lpn Program, Valdovinos et al InFORM, administered during the first visit, to! And provided 30-s access to a copy of a Progressive approach to?... Divided by the number of observation intervals, and a confederate student present! ) cases, divided by the number of responses to produce a reinforcer observation intervals, and crash among! Before engaging in a behavior of interest '' is the definition of which the... The functional analyses direct observation tends to be more believable than data collected by indirect observation methods possessed by.! '' ; a functional behavior assessment upon displaying aberrant behavior are also known as which of the following best when. Studies on functional analysis have shown it tangibles, escape, and or... During functional analyses ( e.g., Le & Smith, 2002 ) aberrant behavior are also as! Directed towards classmates } ; the authors found correspondence between the two measures in 44 ( %. Kg ) communicated using speech likely occur in which condition of a Progressive approach to ABA background-repeat! ; cursor: pointer ; These assessments allowed the resulting quotients then were summed, divided by indirect measures of aberrant behavior. By direct observation, precursor behavior was conducted with each participant indirect measures of aberrant behavior Iwata et al., 1982/1994.!